The most remarkable rejection of free trade you’ve never heard of

Africans are insisting on actual economic development which is leaving European trade negotiators exasperated. Rick Rowden explains why their stand is historic and right. In one of the most under-reported major stories coming out of Africa, the dominant idea that “free trade” is the best development...

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Rick Rowden

Rick is the author of India-Africa Economic Relations in the New Global Economy (Routledge, 2025) and The Birdcage: Constraints Developing Economies Face in the International Trade and Financial Architecture and Possible Solutions …

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